Detection of deep-seated abscesses is sometimes difficult with ultrasonogrpahy or computed tomography alone. Indium-111-labeled leukocyte has widely used in the localization of abscesses after introduction by Segal and Thakur in 1976. But there are some difficulties in using indium- 111-oxine in our country because of hardness to get the radiopharmaceutical timely and long time for labeling leukocytes. So we performed the indium, 111-labeled leukocyte scan for establishment of the labeling procedure and clinical application. We labeled the mixed leukocytes from 36 mi of patient's blood using 4 mi of ACD solution, 7 ml of 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution (HESPANⓡ), 1 mCi of indium-111 oxine, 5 ml of normal saline and centrifuge. It took about 2 hours for the preparation of radiolabeled leukocytes and attention for contamination was needed. The average injected dose of labeled mixed leukocytes was 465 uCi. The average number of injected leukocytes was 2.5×108 and the labeling ratio was 57±13% (Table 2, Fig. 5). These number and ratio were sufficient for the localization of abscess. About twenty per cent of indium was labeled to red blood cells and platelets (Fig. 6) and the half-life of injected radiolabeled leukocytes was 8.3 hours. Scan was performed in 9 patients who were suspected to have abscesses clinically or radiologically. Three patients were positive, in one patient who had abscess close to lower lumbar vertebrae was surgically drained and another 2 positive cases did not show abscess clearly on computed tomography, so only antibiotics were administrated and treated successfully. The negative 6 patients were improved without specific treatment. In conclusion, the use of indium-111 oxine labeled leukocytes for localization of abscesses were very specific and helpful in the decision of treatment considering its relatively simple labeling method, and could be easily performed providing timely supply of the radiopharmaceutical.